Carboxylic hydrophilic chain extenders DMBA me DMPA.

Kupu Whakataki

I roto i te hanga o te polyurethane wai, waikawa carboxylic rite anionic hydrophilic mekameka extender ko te ahua o te waikawa carboxylic ki te diol, kua whakamahia whānuitia mo tona hanganga rāpoi ahurei me te mahi hua pai.
Ko te kaiwhakawhanui mekameka momo waikawa Carboxylic te nuinga kei roto ko te 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) me te 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).He momo ngota ngota diol kua aukatihia me nga roopu hydroxyl me te carboxyl.I muri i te whakakorenga me te kawakore, ka taea e te roopu waikawa koreutu te whakapai ake i te wairewa wai, te mahi marara ranei o te kapia;I whakauruhia nga roopu polar ki te whakapai ake i te piri o nga paninga me nga ahuatanga tae o nga muka waihanga;Whakanuia te wairewa alkali o te paninga.Ka taea te tono ki te punaha polyurethane wairewa-wai, te wai-wairewa alkyd resin me te polyester resin, te paninga epoxy ester, te elastomer polyurethane me te paninga paura.
Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i roto i nga rauemi matū hiako, tioata wai, waituhi, taapiri kai me nga matū whakapiri, ina koa i te hanga o te polyurethane whakaehunga wai me nga hiako whakaoti hiako.Ehara i te mea he kaiwhakawhanui mekameka anake, engari he kaihoko whakaemulsifying whaiaro pai mo te polyurethane, ka taea te whakapai ake i te pumau o te wai wai polyurethane, na reira ka whakamahia nuitia.

Painga o te whakamahi Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

Ko te wai wai polyurethane te tikanga ka whakauru i te kaihoko hydrophilic ki roto i te mekameka rapoi polyurethane, katahi ka whakakorehia ki te kawakore ki te hanga tote, ka marara ki roto i te wai deionized ma te whakakorikori miihini ki te hanga wai wai polyurethane.
E toru nga momo o nga apiha hydrophilic e whakamahia ana i roto i te polyurethane-wai: anionic, cationic me te kore-katote.Ko te momo anionic te nuinga ko: 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, tartaric acid, butanediol sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, glycerol and maleic anhydride;Ko te momo Cationic te nuinga ko: methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc;Ko te momo katote-kore te nuinga kei roto te hydroxyl polyethylene oxide kua mutu.
Ko te ihirangi o te kaihoko hydrophilic kore-katote penei i te polyethylene oxide me tino teitei kia mau ai te marara.Ko te kapia polyurethane wai i hangaia i te hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether hei roopu hydrophilic he pai te parenga electrolyte, engari he tino rawakore te aukati wai o te kiriata, na reira kaore i te mahi;
Ko te kaihoko hydrophilic cationic, penei i te ethylenediamine konutai acrylate adduct, hei puhui hydrophilic, ka kawakore te punaha tauhohenga katoa.Ehara i te mea he tauhohenga tere anake i waenganui i - roopu NH2 me - roopu NCO, engari he tauhohenga hoki i waenganui i - roopu NCO me - nhcoo.Na reira, he uaua ki te whakahaere i te tauhohenga, he ngawari hoki ki te miraka.I tua atu, ko te hinu kua rite he matūriki matotoru me te ngoikore o te wai hanga kiriata, na reira kaore e taea te whakamahi i roto i te umanga;
Ko te waikawa Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic i te ahua anionic e rua nga roopu hydroxyl me te mahi ano hei toronga mekameka.Ko tenei mahi takirua ka whakaatu i nga painga nui i roto i te whakarite o te wai whakaemi whaiaro Pu.I te wa o te whakahiatotanga o te carbamate, ka waikawa te punaha tauhohenga.I raro i nga tikanga waikawa, he ngawari te tauhohenga i waenga i te - NCO me te - Oh, i te mea - nhcoo - kaore e uru ki te tauhohenga, kaore hoki e puta he ra.I tua atu, ko te waikawa dimethylol carboxylic ano te mahi hei whakaroa mekameka, kia noho ai te roopu hydrophilic (ara, carboxyl group) ki te wahanga mekameka macromolecular.Ma te whakamahi i te amine tuatoru hei kaihoko whakakore, ka taea te whakarite he kapia polyurethane wai me te tino pai o te wai hanga kiriata me te aukati whakarewa.Ko te waikawa Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic te pūhui hydrophilic pai rawa atu e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te whakarite o te kapia polyurethane wai.

2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) Me te 2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

I roto i nga momo e rua o te Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acids, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid kua whakamahia mo te wa roa, a ko te whakamaarama mekameka hydrophilic e whakamahia nuitia ana i naianei.Ahakoa he maha nga painga, he maha ano nga ngoikoretanga, ko te mea nui na te teitei o te rewa (180-185 ℃), he uaua ki te wera me te whakarewa, e hiahia ana ki te taapiri i nga whakarewa pararopi penei i te N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n N-dimethylamide (DMF), acetone, me etahi atu, i te mea he nui te kohu o te NMP, he uaua ki te tango i muri i te whakarite APU.I tua atu, he iti te whakarewatanga o te DMPA i roto i te acetone, me te nui o te acetone me taapiri i roto i te tukanga whakahiato.Ko te mahi tango ketone ehara i te mea ka moumou noa te kaha engari ka mau mai ano he morearea haumaru.Na reira, ko te whakamahinga o te waikawa 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic ehara i te mea nui noa iho te kohi kaha, engari he ngawari hoki ki te whakaputa i nga toenga waro i roto i te hua.
Ka whakatauritea ki te waikawa 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid nga painga e whai ake nei:
1. He pai ake te whakarewatanga i roto i nga whakarewa pararopi.Ko te ripanga e whai ake nei e whakaatu ana i nga raraunga whakarewatanga o te DMBA me te DMPA i roto i nga wera rereke me nga whakarewa;
Raraunga whakarewatanga o te DMBA me te DMPA i nga momo mahana me nga whakarewa:

Wairewa: wae: g / 100g whakarewa
Wairewa i te wai: 48% mo DMBA me 12% mo DMPA.

2. Te tere o te tauhohenga, te tere tere me te iti o te pāmahana.Hei tauira, he poto te wa tauhohenga mo te synthesizing polyurethane prepolymer, ko te tikanga ko te 50-60 meneti anake, ko te DMPA he 150-180 meneti;
3. Ka whakamahia mo te wai polyurethane wai me te rahi o te matūriki me te tohatoha whaiti;
4. Ira whakarewa iti, 108-114 ℃;
5. Ka taea e te kanorau o nga tauira te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o nga whakarewa, na reira ka whakaiti i te utu mo nga whakarewa me te maimoatanga wai para;
6. Ka taea te whakamahi ki te whakarite i nga punaha polyurethane me te polyester tino whakarewa-kore;
I roto i te tukanga kōtuitanga tūturu, e kore e me te reira ki te pau tetahi whakarewa.Ko te hinu i hangaia he pai te mahi me nga taonga miihini pai o te kiriata, kaore i te whakaiti noa i te wa urupare, ka whakaiti i te kaha o te kaha, engari ka whakaora ano i te kaha.Na reira, ko te waikawa 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric te pūhui hydrophilic tino rongonui.